Patch testing helps diagnose causes of contact dermatitis from allergens such as fragrances, jewelry, hair dye, lotion and cosmetics. Small disks will be placed on your back for a few days to see which allergens have a reaction. A positive allergy result will include a raised red bump, redness or itching where the correlated disc was placed.
Sources:
American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (acaai.org)
The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology | AAAAI